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- Path: uunet!tcsi.tcs.com!agate!agate!usenet
- From: rob@agate.Berkeley.EDU (Rob Robertson)
- Newsgroups: news.software.b,news.software.nntp,news.software.readers
- Subject: FAQ: Overview database / NOV General Information
- Followup-To: news.software.b
- Date: 2 Dec 1993 11:02:05 -0000
- Organization: University of California, Berkeley
- Lines: 249
- Sender: usenet@agate.berkeley.edu
- Distribution: world
- Expires: 01/03/94
- Message-ID: <nov-faq-1-754830124@agate.Berkeley.EDU>
- Reply-To: rob@agate.Berkeley.EDU (Rob Robertson)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: agate.berkeley.edu
- Xref: uunet news.software.b:15224 news.software.nntp:6641 news.software.readers:7311
-
- Posted-By: auto-faq 2.4
- Archive-name: nov-faq
-
- $Header: /var/news/doc/RCS/nov-faq.1,v 1.4 1993/09/08 23:03:08 rob Exp rob $
-
- Table Of Contents:
- ------------------
-
- What is `threading' and why is it good for you?
- What is the Overview/NOV database?
- What is the format of the NOV database?
- What optional headers should I configure into the NOV database?
- What is XOVER?
- How do I know if my NNTP server does XOVER?
- What does it buy me?
- How much disc space does the Overview database take up?
- What News Transport Systems support NOV/XOVER and where can I
- get it?
- What Newsreaders Support NOV/XOVER?
- Is there a reference threading implementation for NOV?
- Any tips on configuring the Overview database?
- Contributions to NOV FAQ.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What is `threading' and why is it good for you?
-
- I put this in first as a background question.
-
- As news volume has grown in the last couple of years, the organization
- of the data presented to the user has become more important. With the
- possibility of being presented with several hundred articles to read
- in a newsgroup, newer newsreaders have incorporated features that
- organize things by subject, and sort them in the order posted, and
- `thread' articles in groups according to who replied to who. Note
- there is a difference between subject sorting and date sorting, and
- threading.
-
- This subject sorting and threading can be expensive using normal
- NNTP commands, as it involves opening each article and transferring it
- over to the client, for a relatively small bit of information. This
- led to newsreader authors extending the NNTP command set so that they
- could set up an auxiliary database of just the information they
- needed. The database would be updated as news arrived on the server,
- and when a client requested thread information about a particular
- group, it would just open one file and send it out, which made things
- pretty zippy.
-
- The downside of this, was that every newsreader had their own
- threading database, their own specialized NNTP extension, and it was
- customized to their `way' of doing threads. Trn, NN, and tin are
- prime examples. Each database occupies a fair amount of space, and
- in the case of trn and tin, the daemons that maintain the databases
- use up a nontrivial amount of system resources.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What is the Overview/NOV database?
-
- The Overview or News OverView (NOV) database was designed by Geoff
- Collyer. Its a more generalized database, it it contains *no*
- threading information, just the information needed to thread. The
- overview database is just a database of files, one for each group,
- containing a reference to each article, with seven or eight of the
- most popular headers. Thus, the newsreader client can get most of the
- information it needs to thread, but it does the threading the way it
- wants to. Yes, the downside is that now the threading occurs on the
- client's CPU, but that's not as expensive as it may seem, if done
- properly.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What is the format of the NOV database?
-
- [this is stolen from Geoff Collyer's newsoverview(5) man page]
-
- Each newsgroup directory contains a file named `.overview',
- containing one-line summaries of articles in that group. Fields
- are separated by tabs, and any tabs or newlines in the original
- articles headers have been replaced with spaces. The fields are,
- in order: article number (file name), subject, author, date,
- message-id, references, byte count, line count, and optionally other
- headers, as arranged locally (none are supplied by the database
- maintenance software, as shipped). The line-count and references
- field may be empty. If the optional other headers are present,
- they include their header keyword and colon; if they are absent
- entirely, the tab after the line-count field may also be absent.
-
- ie:
-
- artid|subject|From|Date|Message-Id|References|bytecount|linecount|\
- Optional-Header: Stuff
-
- where | represents a tab and \ a line continuation (there are no
- continuation lines in the Overview entry, it's just so that the above
- line fits in 80 columns).
-
- Remember that header keywords in optional headers should be matched
- case insensitively.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What optional headers should I configure into the NOV database?
-
- It's nice to configure the pseudo-header Xref: in. Xref: is a site
- specific header that, tells if present where that are article has been
- cross posted. It is useful for newsreaders who want to kill cross
- posted articles, you've told them to kill.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What is XOVER?
-
- XOVER is an NNTP extension for accessing the Overview database. It
- is becoming a defacto standard for accessing bulk header/thread
- information via NNTP.
-
- It is used after establishing a current group with the GROUP command,
- and operations on that group. It's syntax is
-
- XOVER artnumber1[-artnumber2]
-
- Where artnumber1 is < artnumber2. If successful, it returns a 224
- reply code, and the overview data [as in the Overview database] for
- the requested articles. It is terminated by a "." (dot) on a line by
- itself.
-
- NNTP servers implementing the XOVER command should try to ensure that
- the data is as consistant as possible, they should avoid handing out
- XOVER information for articles that don't exist, and should generate
- XOVER information on the fly for articles that do exist, but aren't
- found in the Overview database for some reason. While the job of
- XOVER is to provide access to the Overview database, validating the
- Overview data is best done in the NNTP server, rather than having the
- NNTP client go through contortions to do it.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: How do I know if my NNTP server does XOVER?
-
- By initially trying it, and looking at the response code. Before
- doing a GROUP in your session, you should get back a 500 (no such
- command) response if the server doesn't implement XOVER, and a 412
- (not in a newsgroup) response, if it does.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What does it buy me?
-
- Speed, if you have newsreader clients that can take advantage of this,
- disc space if you are currently supporting more than one version of a
- threading database.
-
- If used by the NNTP daemon, XHDR can be speed up by *orders* of
- magnitude by using the Overview database.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: How much disc space does the Overview database take up?
-
- About 10% of what your news spool space is.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What News Transport Systems support NOV/XOVER and where can I
- get it?
-
- INN 1.4 supports the Overview database and XOVER right out of the box.
-
- C-News has an add-on patch kit that allows it to support NOV. It's
- available via ftp from world.std.com:/src/news/nov.dist.tar.Z. That
- gets you to the Overview stage, if you want to use the XOVER
- extension, you need Wayne Davison's version of Stan Barber's NNTP
- reference package (via ftp via ftp.uu.net in
- /news/nntp/nntp-t4.tar.gz). This is labeled as BETA at the
- moment, but for not much longer.
-
- The next version of C-News promises to integrate all this.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: What Newsreaders Support NOV/XOVER?
-
- Among `officially released' newsreaders trn3.3 and tin-1.21 support
- both the Overview database and XOVER.
-
- Win-vn 0.8 for MS-Windows claims to support XOVER [Alan Thew].
-
- Geoff has modified `proof of concept' newsreaders in
- world.std.com:/src/news/ that support the Overview database (*not*
- XOVER).
-
- There is a modified version of NN (read unofficial) that supports
- XOVER in agate.berkeley.edu:/pub/usenet/NN-6.4P18+xover.tar.Z. The
- official NN maintainer has been saying that that he's going to
- issue a release that's going to support XOVER `soon' for a bunch o
- months now.
-
- There are some excellent patches by Felix Lee that allow GNUS to
- support XOVER (plus some kool async transfer mods). Perhaps he'll
- post them again soon. Perhaps they will be integrated into GNUS.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Is there a reference threading implementation for NOV data?
-
- Yes, in Geoff Collyer's package at
- world.std.com:/src/news/nov.dist.tar.Z.
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Any tips on configuring the Overview database?
-
- It's probably a good idea to configure in the optional pseudo header
- Xref:, as many newsreaders like to see it.
-
- If newsreading is totally limited to NNTP, you might want to consider
- putting your Overview database on another partition on another disc
- (if you have space). This buys you more room for news on your spool
- disc, and also spreads the disc accesses out across multiple drives,
- reducing the beating your spool partition is going to take. Currently
- INN can do this easily, by changing the OVERVIEWDIR variable. C-news
- is more problematic.
-
- It would be nice if news news transport authors would not assume that
- the Overview database directory and the news spool directory are the
- same, so that others that read via NFS or locally can enjoy the same
- performance win....
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Subject: Contributions to NOV FAQ.
-
- Thanks to the following for contributions, additions, corrections, and
- updates:
-
- Geoff Collyer <geoff@world.std.com>
- Wayne Davison <davison@borland.com>
- Christopher Davis <ckd@eff.org>
- Jason Haar <j.haar@cantva.canterbury.ac.nz>
- Damon Hart-Davis <d@exnet.co.uk>
- Iain Lea <iain@anl433.erlm.siemens.de>
- Mark Linimon <linimon@nominil.lonesome.com>
- Doug Sewell <doug@cc.ysu.edu>
- News.Admin@liverpool.ac.uk (Alan Thew)
-
- This posting, like much of Usenet, is maintained on a purely volunteer
- basis. I welcome reactions, additions, and corrections via email at
- rob@agate.berkeley.edu.
-